ABSTRACT

The goal of research was to characterize the morphology and physiology of 4 soybean varieties against drought stress. The research was conducted at the Greenhouse of the Agronomy Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University from May to August 2020. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor is soybean varieties consisting of 4 varieties, namely: V1 = Devatra 1, V2 = Devatra 2, V3 = Dering, V4 = Grobogan. The second factor is the condition of field capacity (KL), namely: A1 = 100% KL, A2 = 75% KL, A3 = 50% KL, A4 = 25% KL. The results showed that the variety significantly affected: plant height, number of leaves at 2 and 4 weeks after planting (WAP), leaf greenness, leaf area index, number of stomata, percentage of open stomata, stomata density, flowering age, and number of pods. Meanwhile, drought stress had a significant effect on: number of leaves and number of branches aged 4 and 6 WAP, leaf area index, flowering age, number of pods, and seed weight per plant. The fastest flowering age was Grobogan variety at 26 days after planting (DAP), the number of seed pods in Dering variety was 92.16 but not significantly different from Devatra 1 as much as 78.08. The fastest flowering age was 25% field capacity at 54 DAP, the highest number of pods at 75% field capacity was 80.08 but not significantly different from 100% field capacity of 73.91, heaviest seed weight per plant was 75% field capacity treatment at 19 , 94 g but not significantly different from 100% field capacity and 50% field capacity, 19.5 g and 18.42 g respectively.

Keywords: stress, soybean, drought, sand soil